Once viewed as a relatively-infrequent problem, the sexual abuse of children is now seen as a major societal problem in terms of its prevalence and its consequences for both the victim and the family.  The increase in reporting of these events is likely a function of the interaction of several important factors.  Research has provided the necessary methodology and empirical evidence to identify some of the associated risk factors and manifestations of sexual abuse such that detection and identification by professionals and family members is more-readily accomplished.  The purpose of this paper is to focus on some of the more-important issues involved in evaluation and treatment of child sexual abuse.